Originally
appeared unsigned in Internationale Situationniste No.4 (June 1960). Later
same year published in German in SPUR No.1 signed by Debord, Jorn, Constant,
Wyckaert, Pinot-Galizio and Gruppe SPUR. In 1961 published in Danish in
'Nye Linjer' signed by Jørgen Nash et al. Translated by Fabian Thompsett
and taken from Open Creation and its ememies, Unpopular Books, 1994
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Situationist Manifesto
THE EXISTING FRAMEWORK cannot subdue the
new human force that is increasing day by day alongside the irresistible
development of technology and the dissatisfaction of its possible uses in
our senseless social life.
Alienation and oppression in this society cannot be distributed amongst
a range of variants, but only rejected en bloc with this very society.
All real progress has clearly been suspended until the revolutionary solution
of the present multiform crisis.
What are the organizational perspectives of life in a society which
authentically "reorganizes production on the basis of the free and equal
association of the producers"? Work would more and more be reduced as
an exterior necessity through the automation of production and the socialization
of vital goods, which would finally give complete liberty to the individual.
Thus liberated from all economic responsibility, liberated from all the
debts and responsibilities from the past and other people, humankind will
exude a new surplus value, incalculable in money because it would be impossible
to reduce it to the measure of waged work. The guarantee of the liberty
of each and of all is in the value of the game, of life freely constructed.
The exercise of this ludic recreation is the framework of the only guaranteed
equality with non-exploitation of man by man. The liberation of the game,
its creative autonomy, supersedes the ancient division between imposed
work and passive leisure.
The church has already burnt the so-called witches to repress the primitive
ludic tendencies conserved in popular festivities. Under the existing
dominant society, which produces the miserable pseudo-games of non-participation,
a true artistic activity is necessarily classed as criminality. It is
semi-clandestine. It appears in the form of scandal.
So what really is the situation? It's the realization of a better game,
which more exactly is provoked by the human presence. The revolutionary
gamesters of all countries can be united in the S.I. to commence the emergence
from the prehistory of daily life.
Henceforth, we propose an autonomous organization of the producers of
the new culture, independent of the political and union organizations
which currently exist, as we dispute their capacity to organize anything
other than the management of that which already exists.
From the moment when this organization leaves the initial experimental
stage for its first public campaign, the most urgent objective we have
ascribed to it is the seizure of U.N.E.S.C.O. United at a world level,
the bureaucratization of art and all culture is a new phenomenon which
expresses the deep inter-relationship of the social systems co-existing
in the world on the basis of eclectic conservation and the reproduction
of the past. The riposte of the revolutionary artists to these new conditions
must be a new type of action. As the very existence of this managerial
concentration of culture, located in a single building, favors a seizure
by way of putsch; and as the institution is completely destitute of any
sensible usage outside our subversive perspective, we find our seizure
of this apparatus justified before our contemporaries. And we will have
it. We are resolved to take over U.N.E.S.C.O., even if only for a short
time, as we are sure we would quickly carry out work which would prove
most significant in the clarification of a long series of demands.
What would be the principle characteristics of the new culture and how
would it compare with ancient art?
Against the spectacle, the realized situationist culture introduces
total participation.
Against preserved art, it is the organization of the directly lived
moment.
Against particularized art, it will be a global practice with a bearing,
each moment, on all the usable elements. Naturally this would tend to
collective production which would be without doubt anonymous (at least
to the extent where the works are no longer stocked as commodities, this
culture will not be dominated by the need to leave traces.) The minimum
proposals of these experiences will be a revolution in behavior and a
dynamic unitary urbanism capable of extension to the entire planet, and
of being further extensible to all habitable planets.
Against unilateral art, situationist culture will be an art of dialogue,
an art of interaction. Today artists - with all culture visible - have
been completely separated from society, just as they are separated from
each other by competition. But faced with this impasse of capitalism,
art has remained essentially unilateral in response. This enclosed era
of primitivism must be superseded by complete communication.
At a higher stage, everyone will become an artist, i.e., inseparably
a producer-consumer of total culture creation, which will help the rapid
dissolution of the linear criteria of novelty. Everyone will be a situationist
so to speak, with a multidimensional inflation of tendencies, experiences,
or radically different "schools" - not successively, but simultaneously.
We will inaugurate what will historically be the last of the crafts.
The role of amateur-professional situationist - of anti-specialist - is
again a specialization up to the point of economic and mental abundance,
when everyone becomes an "artist," in the sense that the artists have
not attained the construction of their own life. However, the last craft
of history is so close to the society without a permanent division of
labor, that when it appeared amongst the S.I., its status as a craft was
generally denied.
To those who don't understand us properly, we say with an irreducible
scorn: "The situationists of which you believe yourselves perhaps to be
the judges, will one day judge you. We await the turning point which is
the inevitable liquidation of the world of privation, in all its forms.
Such are our goals, and these will be the future goals of humanity."
17 May 1960
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